A few years ago, I heard the interpretation that those who were hired last had been standing out in the sun all day, waiting their turn, and so the landowner is rewarding them. But that still reflects the idea that the landowner, a stand-in for God, must be “fair.” For Jesus, it’s just as important for the landowner to be merciful. Seen in this light, it’s a parable about generosity to the “last.” As Daniel J. Harrington, S.J., writes in the Sacra Pagina commentaries, the answer to the question of why latecomers receive the same pay is: “The kingdom is God’s gift to give and we must not begrudge God his generosity.”
“There is a balance between God’s justice and God’s mercy,” writes Father Harrington. “Those who were hired first receive a just reward…. The fact that the latecomers received the same reward can be credited to God’s mercy.” Thus, Harrington suggests that the usual title of this parable, which focuses on the workers, is misplaced. It is more appropriately called the “Parable of the Good Employer," because it is about goodness and mercy.
--Fr. James Martin,
Facebook, September 23, 2024
Image source: Lucas Cranach, Parable of the Workers in the Vineyard (15th c.), https://lucascranach.org/en/DE_ESKStMW_NONE-ESKStMW012/
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